Means for lining tunnels.



. No. 852,891. PATENTED MAY '7, 1907.

E. W.`M01R. MEANS POR yLINING TUNNELS.

APPLIOATRON FILED JULY 6, 190.6.

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ma@ @HL www dmHMMun/m ATTORNEYJ- PATENTED MAY '7, 14907.

E. W. M0IR.- MBANSEOR LINING TUNNELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6, 1906.

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INVENTOR WITNESSES:

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ERNEST W. MOIR, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO S. PEARSON & SON, INC.,OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 'May 7, 19074 Application filed July 6,1906. Serial No.325,008.

.To fall whom t Netty consci-:7e:

Be it known that I, ERNEST W. Mom, a

Subj ect of the King of Great Britain and Ire-v convenient means forlining tunnels with concrete, cement, or other masonry or brick quickly'and accurately. This object I at-` tain by the means which I'will nowdescribe.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a transverse section of atunnel showing my lining means in place for one part of the op- Yeration Fig. 2 is a transverse section showing another part of theoperation; Fig. Sis a sectional view drawn to an enlarged scale showingthe detailed construction of one of the hangers, with the lagging inplace; Fig. 4 is a corresponding view, after the lagging has beenremoved; and Figs. 5 and 6 are views corresponding to Figs. 3 and 4, butof a modification.

My invention is mainly intended for use in connection with tubulartunnels which are built up of flanged iron or isteel segments boltedtogether to form a tube, and in these drawings I have shown my inventionapplied to the lining of a tunnel of that character with concrete,cement, or the like.

A, A, are the flanged segments of iron or steel bolted together in theusual manner, and B represents the concrete lining. In the presentinstance I have shown the upper half ofthe tunnel as provided with aconcrete lining of uniform depth or thickness, that is to say, with itsinner wall concentric with the metal tube,. but this need not be thecase. The lower half of the tunnel is shown as provided with banquettesB1, in which may be embedded tubes or conduits for electric wires, etc.,while on the bottom between the banquettes may be laid the tracks forthe` cars. The banquettes need not of necessity be there, however. y

I provide rectangular frames D, each of angle iron or other suitablematerial, of a width slightly less than the desired width between thebanquettes and 'each frame has extension feet d, d, to rest on thebottom wall of the tunnel, and be braced by iiller blocks 7, 7, betweenthel feet vand the adjacent flanges of the segments. Each frame haslaterally extending arms (Z1, d1, which may be in one with the top barof the frame, and to the ends of these arms are bolted the ends of twobracedY arches, or other curved ribs E, E, which are above the frame Dand are to be coupled together by a suitable junction-piece F at thetop, to make one complete arch somewhat over half a circle in length andreaching from one arm d1 to the other. low the arches E, E, are curvedor straight ribs G made of angles or other suitable sections, these ribsG uniting the extremities of the arms d1, d1, to the lower corners ofthe frame D. Two or more such frameworks of angle iron are provided andmounted within the tunnel at a suitable distance apart', to supportsuitable longitudinal lagging H placed over the arches E, E, laggingbars J placed back of the bars G, and lagging K placed back of the legsd, d, all as `shown in Fig. 1. The bars J are made of angular or anysection. I have shown them angular so as to form steps in the adjacentconcrete, the better to support the concrete afterward put in to formthe banquettes. To support these frames and the lagging, I providehanging bolts il, which are secured to the langes of the upper segmentsof the tunnel tube. These bolt connections pass through the lagging andthe angle irons of the arches and are secured thereto by nuts or wedgesin slots or by other means.

In the form of hanger shown in Figs. 3 and 4, there is a collar'8 whichiits over the head 9 of a bolt secured to the segment flange, and it hasan internally threaded nipple 10 to receive the threaded end of a boltl1, whose opposite end extends through the lagging and through a hole inthe flan e of the an le iron of the arch E, andmay e secured y nuts 12.The bolt l1 may be covered by a tube 13, vwhich is fitted at one endover the nipple 10 and has its other end closed by a wo'oden plug la,Fig. 3.

After the lagging has been put in place, as shown in Fig. 1, theconcrete is put in back of the lagging, as illustrated, and for the fulllength of the lagging. I/Vhen the concrete has set, the arches E, E, andbars G, and the lagging II and il, are all taken out, and lag ging isput back of the upright members of the frame D, -as shown in Fig. 2, sothat the concrete banquettes El may then be formed.

TOO

At the right'of Fig. 2, I have shown a'man hole at M toget at the Wireconduits m, with an outlet "m1 `to the central space for the tracks.vAfter the concrete banquetteshave thus been made, the frames, D, D, andfiller pieces d are removed, and concrete is'laid on the' bottom of thetunnel. At a suitable point, in taking down or after taking 'down thearches E, E, and removal of the bolts 11, the holes left may be lled bygrouting or other means as indicated in Fig. 4. l y

In the modified formyof hanger shown in Figs. 5 and 6, there is aneye-bolt 15 secured back of the bolt heador nut 9 of the tunnel segment.The opposite threaded end of this bolt v15, receives the internallythreaded neck of a long nut 16, which may betapered and which passesthrough the flange of the frame Work E, Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 6, thebolt 15 is left embedded in the concrete, as were the collar, nipple andtube in the construction, Figs. 3 and 4.

I claim as my invention of flanged segments with a supporting'iframe forlagging for use in lining the tunnel and detachable means for hangingthe frame from the {ianges of the tunnel segments.

2. The combination of a tunnel composed of flanged segments withdetachable arch frames to support the lagging for use in lining thetunnel and detachable means for hanging the frames from the flanges ofthe tunnel segments.l

jecting'arms and an arched upper frame to supportthe lagging for use inlining the tun nel and`bolts to hang the arched' frame fromp the tunnelsegments. 4. The combination of a tunnel With an arched frame to supportlagging for use in lining the tunnel-With concrete, and bolt and nutconnections to hang the arched frame from the tunnel segments, parts ofthe" connections which extend into the concrete being removable and theother parts `being adapted to be left embedded in the concrete. 5. Thecombination of a tunnel built of :flanged segments with a. rectangularlower frame of angle iron, and a two-part upper arched frame also ofangle iron to be bolted to the lower frame to support lagging, and boltconnections to hang the arched frame from the flanges of the tunnelsegments. 6. The combination of a tunnel .With a frame, arched at itsupper part to support 1. The combination of a tunnel composed lagging,and curved bars at its lower art with laggin of angular cross-sectionbac of the curved ars to form steps in the concrete lining. y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

vERNEST W. MOIR.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR WOODROFFE MANTON,

W. I. SEIG.

